The Article Fear, Romance, And Transience - 870 Words

The article called Fear, romance, and transience in the lives of homeless women by Radley, Hodgetts and Cullen was a thought-provoking article. I did not grow up in a neighborhood where homeless people were present, nevertheless; I have learned many assumptions about homeless people through what I have seen, my family’s guidance and by watching numerous television shows and news reports on television and on the radio. Since these assumptions have been embedded in my life it has become a ‘norm’ for me to think about homeless people as different from other humans who are not homeless. Since I was a child, my parents would always tell me to â€Å"never talk to strangers† and ignore the homeless because they are dangerous, dirty and poor people. From a young age it was evident that homeless people were not like everyone else and they should be treated differently. The only place I have been that has homeless people present is Toronto. I rarely visit Toronto bu t when I do, I only see homeless males who usually have beards with low hygiene. In reference to the article â€Å"this image does reflect the over-representation of men among the street homeless† (Radley et al. P. 437. 2006). Now whenever I go to Toronto and see a man matching this description on the streets I automatically assume he is homeless. I also assume homeless people are intoxicated. I learned this assumption because many of the times I have been to Toronto the homeless people are stumbling around. For example, I went

Assessing the Level of Environmental Literacy of Teachers Free Essays

string(94) " a prerequisite to maintaining and improving the quality of the environment and life as such\." Assessing the level of environmental literacy of teachers in Epe division of Lagos State, Nigeria Fatona P. Olugbenga School of Environmental Health Science Ogun State College Of Health Technology P. M. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessing the Level of Environmental Literacy of Teachers or any similar topic only for you Order Now B 2081 Ilese – Ijebu Email: pius2pious@yahoo. ca 08033835621, Akinyele C. Babasope School of Environmental Health Science Ogun State College Of Health Technology P. M. B 2081 Ilese – Ijebu Email: akinyelecyril@yahoo. com 08037221905 Musah K. Toyin School of Public Health Nursing Ogun State College Of Health Technology P. M. B 2081 Ilese – Ijebu Email: musahk. toyin@yahoo. com 08033708027 Abstract The crucial role that teachers’ environmental literacy plays in realizing the goals of environmental education and its importance cannot be overemphasized. Therefore, this study sought to measure the environmental literacy of teachers who are saddled with responsibility of imparting environmental ideas and knowledge into the school-going population. The tudy employed a descriptive research design and administered questionnaires on four hundred (400) male and female teachers drawn from government controlled secondary schools that were randomly selected from the teachers’ corps in Epe division of Lagos Nigeria. However, three hundred and fifty-two (352) copies were retrieved and analyzed. A self-designed instrument that has a reliability coefficient of 0. 945 was used in gathering data which was analyzed by using analysis of variance (F-tests and T-tests). Three (3) null hypotheses were formulated and tested in the study; two (2) were accepted while one (1) was rejected. The findings revealed a tendency regarding the impact of training of teachers on their environmental literacy among others. Consequently, the study suggested the need for pre-service as well as in-service environmental education training of teachers and that the existing curriculum at all levels of education should be reviewed to richly include environmental sustainability. Keywords:Environmental literacy, education, teachers Introduction The earth is primarily life supporting system. It consists essentially biochemical processes that imbue it with the capacity to sustain life. As an ecosystem, the earth however, has a threshold within which it can effectively absorb or withstand interruptions and radical changes in the biochemical processes that help to sustain life. Unfortunately, development-oriented activities of man over the last century or so have primarily restructured the environment and upset the delicate balance of nature. It has resulted in a number of changes on the planet, earth. These changes are essentially inimical to the continued existence of man and other life forms here on earth (United Nations, 1992). For example, the air we breathe is constantly being overloaded with carbon dioxide and other poisonous material from vehicular emission, exhausts of industrial and power plant etc. Land are stripped bare of vegetation or polluted with oil spills and human waste. The use of ozone- depleting substance such as products with chlorofluorocarbon, halons and methyl bromides (from which plastics and foams are made) allow excessive levels of harmful ultraviolet rays to reach the earth, resulting in increased rates of skin cancer, eye damage and weakened immune system. There is higher rate of exploitation and use of natural resources and higher levels of waste become a global issue (United Nations, 1992). According to the Council of Ministers of Education (2005) sustainable development is both a goal and a concept. As a goal, it is an idea of a world where people protect the environment as they carry out their daily activities. As a concept, it involves conceptual probing about limits on natural resources, capacities of ecosystem and interactions among social, economic, political and environmental systems. In other words, it works towards a sustainable quality of life, now and in the future. Thus, Noibi and Lawal (1993) sees it as a development strategy wherein the physical assets, natural and human resources as well as available funds are managed in a manner that ensures increasing health and wealth for both the present and future generations on planet earth. The essences of sustainable development is to meet the needs and aspirations of the present generation of man and other living creatures, both plants and animals, without compromising the capacity of future generations to meet their own needs and aspirations (NEST, 1991). The United Nations (1992), Uche (1995), UNESCO (1997) and Inyang-Abia (1998, 2001) all assert that education is humanity’s best hope and most effective means for the quest to achieve sustainable development at national or global levels. This may be due to the fact that sustainable development calls for the particular skills, knowledge, values and attitudes regarding the environment, the economy and the well-being of people. Perhaps, in response to the calls by UNESCO and United Nations, education for sustainability has become the norm in most countries of the world in recent years. In Nigeria, there have been some activities aimed at creating awareness and educating the masses on environmental issues. Initially the mass media, various Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and government agencies were used to create awareness of the nature of the environment and the need for its sustainability, as Uche (1995) observed. The birth of Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF) in the 1980’s, the rising interest among policy makers on the need for a sound environmental base for development, launching of national conservation strategy (NCS) in 1986, the natural resources conservation council (NRCC) in 1988 and the ultimate launching of the national policy on the environment in 1989 were all critical steps in the national drive towards environmental awareness and resources conservation. In order to facilitate the education of the citizenry for sustainability, the Nigeria government has infused environmental sustainability topics into the 2003 version of the national curriculum for primary schools (NERDC, 2003). The topics infused include population, pollution, soil management, waste and waste disposal, drugs and drug abuse, etc. The idea is to start education for sustainability from the foundation. While arrangements are made to do the same in higher levels of education, teachers are encouraged to incorporate environmental sustainability issues in their instruction (NERDC, 2003). The potential of environmental literacy as a vehicle to realize the educational agenda of sustainable development cannot be over-emphasized. According to Disinger and Roth (1992) environmental literacy is a prerequisite to maintaining and improving the quality of the environment and life as such. You read "Assessing the Level of Environmental Literacy of Teachers" in category "Papers" The development and fostering of environmental literacy need, therefore, to be a key objective in any general education programme (Roth, 1992). Apparently, the term â€Å"environmental literacy† does not mean the same to everyone. Since the first general reference to the concept â€Å"environmental literacy† appeared in 1969 (Roth, 1992), various researchers have made an effort to define it or to refine description of it. Example can be found in, inter alia, Clacherty (1992), Roth (1992) and Subbarini (1998). A definition of environmental literacy was developed from the various efforts of researchers such as Leeming, Porter, Dwyer, Cobern and Oliver (1997), Loubser (1994), Smith-Sebasto and Smith (1997), Pohorille (1985) and Buethe and Smallwood (1987). This definition was used for the purposes of this research and it stated that: Environmental literacy is the ability to be aware of one’s environment. It enriches one with the knowledge to realize the imbalances and threats the environment faces and enables one to form positive attitudes towards it with the aim of developing skills to resolve and prevent environmental problems and urge to protect and improve the environment for the present and future generations by active participation. A study was also made of various models comprising concepts researchers regard as important to environmental education and environmental literacy. From these attempts by, inter alia, Munson (1994), Odum (1992), Roth (1992) and Loubser (1994), ten concepts that were regarded as necessary for teachers to have a grasp of, before being able to really do justice to environmental education were identified. The ten concepts are in line with the definitions, aims, objectives and guiding principles of environmental education and preceding definition of environmental literacy. Each of the ten concepts is a cluster of related sub concepts representing aspects of environmental literacy. These ten concepts were selected mainly from major environmental area such as ecology and interactions in the environment, participation in the identification and prevention of environmental problems, decision making on environmental issues and environmental ethics. The ten concepts are biosphere, ecological perspective, interrelationship in an ecosystem, environmental changes, basic human needs, resources, maintaining environmental quality, the ability to make choices, decision-making on environmental issues, as well as environmental ethics. In most of these concepts there is a close link between knowledge, affect, skills and behaviour. Environmental literacy, therefore, is considered to be continuum of competencies raging from zero competencies to a very high competency. There is a broad spectrum of environmental literacy, from complete unawareness to deep, thorough understanding and concern (Buethe and Smallwood, 1997). For the purposes of this research a few distinguishable, but not separable, disposition levels on this continuum were identified, namely awareness, knowledge, attitude and participation. Teachers- more than any other professional group- can probably promote environmental literacy, by virtue of their interaction with society (more specifically learners, parents and colleagues). Teachers at all levels and subject areas have a role to play in this regard, i. e. contribute to the development of citizens who possess the basic understanding and skills to make informed decisions in matters affecting the environment and whose personal lifestyles support sustainable development. Teachers can, however, hardly assist learners to become environmentally literate if they themselves lack environmental literacy. Despite the important role teachers’ play in educating students, research into teacher’s level of environmental literacy has been extremely limited. The few studies that were reported indicated a relatively low level of environmental literacy. An example is a study by Buethe and Smallwood (1997) which stated that the environmental literacy of Indiana teachers is far from optimal. In addition several researchers, for example, Schreuder (1995), Braus (1995) and Papadimitriou (1995), mentioned that most teachers are not trained to do justice to environmental education. It seems, therefore, imperative to be able to determine the state of affairs regarding the environmental literacy of the teacher corps. Hypotheses The following hypotheses were formulated and tested in this study: 1. There is no significant difference between the levels of environmental literacy of teachers if they are divided according to learning area in which they offer tuition. 2. There is no significant difference between the levels of environmental literacy of teachers if they are divided according to learning area in which they offer tuition. 3. There is no significant difference in the level of environmental literacy between teachers who receive training in environmental education and those who did not receive any training. Method Research design This is a descriptive survey research design of ex-post facto because the variables being studied had occurred and were not manipulated by the researchers. Instrumentation The questionnaire developed in this study consisted of two sections- section A which comprised items on background demographic information of respondents and section B which comprised 30 items dealing with the various aspects of environmental literacy assessed in this study. The items were developed according to a matrix with the ten central concepts representing environmental literacy on one axis and the disposition level of the respondent on the other axis. A 4-point scale ranging from ‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’ was used as a response-measuring scale. Sample The study sample was drawn from the entire population of teachers in public secondary schools in Epe division of Lagos State. It consisted of 400 teachers randomly selected from 40 secondary schools randomly selected from the 4 local governments that make up the division. Questionnaires were however, adequately completed by 352 teachers. These respondents were representative of gender, age, learning area taught and qualifications obtained. Procedure Three research assistants were employed to assist in administering the printed questionnaires on the teachers in their respective schools. In some cases the filled questionnaire were returned on the spot while in other cases the research assistants went back on a different day to collect the completed questionnaires. Data analyses The data obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed by using analysis of variance (F tests and t tests). Results and discussion Hypothesis 1 ‘There is no significant difference between the levels of environmental literacy of teachers with different academic qualification’. Table 1:Level of environmental literacy of teachers with different qualifications |Qualification N Means SD | |NCE 103 416. 31 35. 71 | |B Ed 64 418. 88 37. 62 | |B A 24 417. 50 51. 4 | |B Sc 12 446. 00 41. 59 | |Other 149 422. 58 40. 48 | F (4. 347) = 1. 70; p0. 05 The respondents were divided into five categories based on highest academic qualification as indicated in table 1. In order to compare the mean scores of the five groups an analysis of variance (F test) was carried out. The results of the F test, which appear in table 1, revealed that the null hypothesis could not be rejected (p0. 5). It can, therefore, be concluded that there is no significant difference between the average environmental literacy of teachers with different academic qualification. It appears that this result contradicts research results reported by Buethe and Smallwood (1997), if one assumes that almost all secondary school science teachers in the USA have a BSc degree. According to them, science teacher s had higher levels of environmental literacy than other teachers. Hypothesis 2 ‘There is no significant difference between the levels of environmental literacy of teachers if they are divided according to learning area in which they offer tuition’. In order to test this null hypothesis, the respondents were divided into eight categories. According to an analysis of variance (F test), the null hypothesis cannot be rejected when the means of the total score obtained for the questionnaire are compared [F (7. 344) = 1. 81; p0. 05]. This result is in line with a finding from a study by Abraham and Chacko (1999), according to which teacher training college lecturers have average environmental literacy, irrespective of the subjects they teach. An analysis of the mean scores (F test) obtained for the four dl fields in the eight categories revealed, however, an interesting picture. The results for the Knowledge dl field are indicated in Table 2. Table 2:Knowledge dl field scores of teachers in different learning areas |Learning area N Mean SD | |Language, literacy and communication 133 98. 62 11. 1 | |Human and social science 47 100. 49 9. 60 | |Maths, maths’ literacy and maths’ science 66 99. 36 8. 69 | |Natural science 76 103. 66 10. 89 | |Arts and culture 12 100. 2 4. 40 | |Economic and management science 9 103. 33 16. 12 | |Life orientation 7 90. 43 5. 06 | |Technology 2 100. 00 2. 83 | F (7. 344) = 2. 74; p How to cite Assessing the Level of Environmental Literacy of Teachers, Papers

Finding From Systematic Review Longitudinal -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Finding From Systematic Review Longitudinal? Answer: Introduction Current developments in computational statistics and data collection are coupled with rising computing processing power. This also includes plunging costs of storage and makes technologies efficiently analyze a huge set of heterogeneous data found everywhere. Big data technologies have been raising serious ethical, privacy and security issues, left unaddressed and needed to survey. Key issues underpinning the above example: The above areas of surveillance bring about various issues. This includes finding a signal in noise, data silos, data inaccuracy and fast movement of technology (Kim, Trimi and Chung 2014). Evidence of the above problems: Big data refers to a huge volume of data which is structured and unstructured inundating business on a daily basis. However, it intensifies specific trends in surveillance related to networks and Information Technology. Having more data has not been any substitute to have high-quality data. For instance, an article in Nature reported that the elections pollsters of US have been struggling to gain representative samples of the population (Kitchin 2014). This is because they have been legally allowed to call landline phones, whereas people of America have been notably depending on cell phones. One can seek many political opinions on social media. It has been never reliably representative of voters. A significant share of Tweets and social media posts regarding politics are generated through computers. One current report from CapGemini stated that experience of digital customers has been all about knowing and understanding customers. This indicated harnessing every source. This meant assessing every contact and linking external sources like commercially available and social media data. It has been all about gathering, examining and interpreting data from digital supply chain from a myriad of connected devices (Jin et al. 2015). Finding signal in noise: It has been hard to get insights of a vast amount of data. For using Big Data, Maksim Tsvetovat, data scientist and writer of the book Social Network Analysis for Startups, a statement can be taken. He states that there needs to audible signal in the detected noise (Hilbert 2016). Many times, it is not just one. As intelligent surveillance is done on the data, people need to return and say they never measured the right or wrong variables. This is because there has been nothing one can detect here. In raw form, big data seems like a hairball and a clear progression to this data is needed. The article further states that it is approached and the person approaching behaves like a scientist. This means the hypothesis is failed. Some more hypotheses are needed to come up with. Perhaps, one of them could turn out to be correct. Data silos: They are primarily kryptonite of Big Data. They store every smart data that are captured in disparate and separate units. However, they have nothing to do with other groups. Thus they have no insights that can be collected from the data. This is because it is not merely integrated at the back end. These data silos are the reasons why one needs to number crunch for producing any monthly sales report. Moreover, this is the cause that any C-level decision is made at snails pace. It makes marketing and sales team just not get along (Chen and Zhang 2014). Further, it makes customers look elsewhere for moving the business ahead since they never feel needs are being met. To eliminate data silos data is to be integrated. Data inaccuracy: It is seen that data silos are ineffective at an operational level. Further, they are also a fertile, productive ground, regarding substantial data problems or data inaccuracy. As per recent report established from Experian Data Quality most of the businesses think that their customer-contact information is proper (Archenaa and Anita 2015). However, as one possess a database with full of improper customer data, one might have nothing at all. The most effective method to combat data inaccuracy is to eradicate data silos through integrating data. Fast progress of technology: Vast corporations of current data are prey to the data silos. The reason is that they prefer to keep databases on-premises. Moreover, the decision making regarding new technologies has been very slow in such case. To demonstrate this one instance of CapGemini report can be cited. It showed that substantial disruptions from new competitors have been coming up from various other sectors. This problem is mentioned by over 35% of respondents in every industry. This is comparable to the overall average of below 25% (Kitchin 2014). Essentially conventional players have been slower in moving on technological advances along with finding them being faced with various severe competition rising from smaller companies due to this. Key issues for government: The technology of big data is relatively a new concept. Though it has possessed many benefits, issues to using big data have been existing public sectors also. One of them is cost. Various agencies have been paying a high premium to both their internal resources and the external parties for controlling their information (Clarke and Margetts 2014). Further, data management has been at many times redundant as not set up properly. Here, for instance, any agency might translate documents and feeds of foreign social media. Through assimilating intelligent solutions coupling big data, like compatible translation tools, a government can turn out to be more efficient with spending. Other issues with big data have been rising with inherent regularity nature in the public sector. Very often regulations have never been taking into account the expanded new capabilities that have been offered by IT. Department of commercial enterprises has been presently working to set up IT governance for better managing their computing assets in lean resource environment. The government has already possessed all types of current laws and regulations in place. The rules have been strong many times. It has been difficult to push forward with the IT initiatives (Reed and Dongarra 2015). Though with enthusiasm and know-how, the process of approval can bottleneck pace at which new departments gets deployed. This has been at many times causing government agencies in running 50 to 10 years beyond the IT adoption of the enterprise. For example, PrimeCrime unit was closed due to severe outcomes of the wrong analysis. However, in the real world, the genie of big data is out of a bottle and would not be going away sooner. Despite this, humanity never needs to live with this status quo. Misuse of data could amplify and perpetuate inequality (Al Nuaimi et al. 2015). Hence, significant data possess more potential as a tool for a positive social effect. It can develop educational outcomes and interconnect folks to resources such as loans, financing and mental health. Moreover, it helps in ending food deserts, decreasing traffics and improving environmental conditions under polluted neighborhoods. Regarding privacy, there have been various implications. They are discussed below. Implications Discussion Protecting transaction logs and data New challenges are being posed to storage of big data since auto-tiring process never keep track of the location of data storage. Validating and filtrating end-point inputs Different end-point devices have been the primary factors to maintain big data. Necessary, processing and storage tasks are done with the help of input data. This is supplied by end-points. Protecting and securing data in real time Because of an enormous quantity of data generation, most of the companies have been unable to control daily checks (Janssen and van den Hoven 2015). Protecting access control method encryption and communication A secured device of data storage is a smart step to protect data. Since devices of data storage are vulnerable, it is mandatory to encrypt access control methods. Issues of impacts on human rights The problem has been that one is merely unaware of every positive and negative effect brought by Big Data. This has made that difficult to undertake informed decisions. However, it is unknown that how computation, design thinking and science has been influencing conventional interventionist, protectionist, economic and legal frameworks (Wamba et al. 2015). Further, it is not clear whether similar technologies changing different aspects of social and commercial life possess the potential of addressing justice, empowerment and human suffering. Currently, various development and humanitarian communities have gone through approaches that are data-driven, interventions and innovations. Despite that, multiple issues have been emerging regarding distinct topics, policymakers, human security practitioners and human rights. As information and data have always been vital for all these areas, nature of networked and digital technologies and their ability to store collect and assess data has been developing very fast (Hashem et al. 2016). Apart from above, Big Data incentivizes more data collection and longer retention. Again, in economic terms, it has been accentuating information asymmetries of government and allows for people to get manipulated. Moreover, it has been emphasizing power differentials among people in society though amplifying present benefits and drawbacks. It is seen from the above study that big data as an essential contemporary surveillance issue for a government has made the system more save money, more efficient and identify fraud. It has been helping public bodies better serve the citizens. Data has been enabling a government to perform existing activities more cost-effectively. Recommendations: The following recommendations are helpful for understanding the likely effect of Big Data analytics on criminological research and policy. Maintain Security in Distributed Computing Framework: There are two methods to ensure trustworthiness of worker computers. The first one is truth establishment where workers are stringently authenticated and provided access to properties by masters only. The next one is Mandatory Access Control. Here every worker is constrained to a limited set of tasks. Security Practice implementation for Non-Relational Data Stores: Data integrity must be forced through application or middleware layer. Encryption must be used every time where data has been in transit and rest. Preserve the Privacy in Data Mining and Analytics: Privacies for legal causes should be preserved for monetary and system performance. Since a legal requirement varies from nation to nation, it is critical to comply with policies of countries where the activities are done. Encrypted Data-Centric Security: Identity and encryption based on an attribute are used to enforce access control over distinct objects by cryptography. It can encrypt plaintexts such that only one entity with particular identity could decrypt text. Attribute-based encryption is implemented similar control over attributes rather than personalities. An efficient homomorphic encryption scheme can keep data encrypted though it has been worked on. Besides, another tool useful to maintain privacy is Group Signatures. This allows individual entities to access data. This can be identified publicly only as a section of the group. Granular Access Control: There is complicacy to track and implement big data environments, where scale is so massive. Here it is recommended to decrease complexities arising from granular access controls at an application level. Secure Storage and Transaction Logging: Technologies to deal with some challenges have turned into more robust responding to demands of big data. The encryption is a vital part to maintain integrity and confidentiality of data. Further, digital signatures utilizing asymmetric encryption, regular audits and hash chaining has helped to secure data. Granular Audits: This can be started by enabling options for logging for every component assuring completeness of information. It has been including applications at every layer that includes operating systems. Data Provenance and Verification: It is also recommended that persistence of data-independency must be satisfied while upgrading provenance graphs. Endpoint Input Validation and Filtering: The solution has been taking two approaches. One is a prevention of tampering and other is filtering and detection of compromised data. Apart from this, it has been virtually building a complicated and extensive system that has been entirely resistant towards tampering. Real-Time Security Monitoring: It can be used to recognize threats. It has been including differentiation of actual threats from false positives. A framework of big data requires include analysis and controlling tools. As they could be available under a structure, these devices could be placed in front-end system. Their task is primarily to supply analytics needed to analyze feedback for identifying threats. References: Al Nuaimi, E., Al Neyadi, H., Mohamed, N. and Al-Jaroodi, J., 2015. Applications of big data to smart cities.Journal of Internet Services and Applications,6(1), p.25. Archenaa, J. and Anita, E.M., 2015. A survey of big data analytics in healthcare and government.Procedia Computer Science,50, pp.408-413. Bertot, J.C., Gorham, U., Jaeger, P.T., Sarin, L.C. and Choi, H., 2014. Big data, open government and e-government: Issues, policies and recommendations.Information Polity,19(1, 2), pp.5-16. Chen, C.P. and Zhang, C.Y., 2014. Data-intensive applications, challenges, techniques and technologies: A survey on Big Data.Information Sciences,275, pp.314-347. Chen, M., Mao, S. and Liu, Y., 2014. Big data: A survey.Mobile networks and applications,19(2), pp.171-209. Clarke, A. and Margetts, H., 2014. Governments and citizens getting to know each other? Open, closed, and big data in public management reform.Policy Internet,6(4), pp.393-417. Einav, L. and Levin, J., 2014. Economics in the age of big data.Science,346(6210), p.1243089. Hashem, I.A.T., Chang, V., Anuar, N.B., Adewole, K., Yaqoob, I., Gani, A., Ahmed, E. and Chiroma, H., 2016. The role of big data in smart city.International Journal of Information Management,36(5), pp.748-758. Hilbert, M., 2016. Big data for development: A review of promises and challenges.Development Policy Review,34(1), pp.135-174. Janssen, M. and van den Hoven, J., 2015. Big and Open Linked Data (BOLD) in government: A challenge to transparency and privacy?. Jin, X., Wah, B.W., Cheng, X. and Wang, Y., 2015. Significance and challenges of big data research.Big Data Research,2(2), pp.59-64. Kim, G.H., Trimi, S. and Chung, J.H., 2014. Big-data applications in the government sector.Communications of the ACM,57(3), pp.78-85. Kitchin, R., 2014. The real-time city? Big data and smart urbanism.GeoJournal,79(1), pp.1-14. Kitchin, R., 2014.The data revolution: Big data, open data, data infrastructures and their consequences. Sage. Reed, D.A. and Dongarra, J., 2015. Exascale computing and big data.Communications of the ACM,58(7), pp.56-68. Wamba, S.F., Akter, S., Edwards, A., Chopin, G. and Gnanzou, D., 2015. How big datacan make big impact: Findings from a systematic review and a longitudinal case study.International Journal of Production Economics,165, pp.234-246

Salary vs. Justice free essay sample

Proposal Salary vs. Justice at workplace and their impact on job satisfaction. Relation between job satisfaction and employee performance. Dilara Abstract The aim of this research is to find out whether the money or justice at a workplace play an important role in job satisfaction and also to conclude if job satisfaction causes different levels of employee performance. For this research it is proposed to make a survey among 150 people working at different industries. The survey questions are going to be posed in the simplest way and candidates will be briefed about the purpose of this survey, in order to achieve the best possible results and to avoid mistakes and misunderstandings. The research questions are as follows; which of the two factors; salary paid or justice at work place have a greater impact on job satisfaction? Does job satisfaction have an effect on levels of performance? It is estimated that the justice at a work place has a greater impact on job satisfaction in comparison to the salary received. We will write a custom essay sample on Salary vs. Justice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is also hypothesized that different levels of employees performance will be based on how satisfied they are from the job they are doing. Salary vs. Justice at workplace and their impact on job satisfaction. Relation between job satisfaction and employee performance. The 1980s will seem like a walk in the park when compared to new global challenges, where annual productivity increases of 6% may not be enough. A combination of software, brains, and running harder will be needed to bring that percentage up to 8% or 9%. – Jack Welch As the quote suggests, there is a big difference between businesses in the old times and at this current moment. Therefore we can conclude that the pressure on the workers has increased simultaneously with the goals set. The workplace today is diversified and it keeps changing constantly. People have a variety of choices when it comes to making a career. The relationship of employers and employees is no longer the same; the demands and expectations of both parties have changed as well. The new challenge that is faced by the management of any companies around the world is to create a workplace that would attract and keep the employee; therefore it requires a constant motivation and co-operation with the staff. The fact that most of the people in the world work for a reward which comes in a monetary shape is clear and well known. Yet it does not necessarily mean that the money is the most important factor that makes people work for certain companies or to stay motivated. The need of money might make people take on certain types of works, where they would not want to go for it if they knew they had other chances. Hence, in actual fact that is not due to their motivation or happiness. One of the theories of human motivation ‘Money as a motivator theory’ is grounded on the belief that the need for money primarily motivates all workers (â€Å"Theories of Human,†2004) However a statement like that is true only partially, regardless of the fact that the most common answer would be the money is what people work for. A simple pay raise, naturally not identified as part of the corporate culture, would be defined as an external motivator. Pay is expected, needed, and required it is not necessarily an identifier of either corporate or personal identity† (Grossman, n. d. , A brief pause section, para. 2) According to Grossman (2005) â€Å"Psychologists call money a ‘deficiency need’. Money motivates people only when they feel deficient in it when they feel they do not have enough† (The Payoff section, para. ). There are people like volunteers or monks who are able to carry on in their life, often to be seen much happier, despites the fact that they are not on a high financial level. Therefore money is not one of the factors affecting the productivity of employees in an organization. One of the most out of the ordinary, at the same time having a great impact on a worker’s personal health and one’s working experience. There are several ways on dealing with bullying, but if to look at it through the target’s eyes, it is almost impossible to resolve the situation. Although known by a number of different names including ‘mobbing’ (Leymann, 1996; Zapf et al . , 1996), harassment (Bjorqvist et al. , 1994), bullying (Einarsen Skogstad, 1996; Lewis, 1999), workplace harassment (Brodsky, 1976) and emotional abuse (Keashly, 1998) amongst others, the central core of these differing concepts are ‘systematic mistreatment’ of an ndividual which, if unabated, results in severe problems for the victim (Einarsen et al . , 2003) Psychological harassment will bring along a lot of negative effects, where the employee will start avoiding the workplace, which means the one will be absent more often, the levels of performance and productivity will drop and also it might result in lack of self confidence which leads to work incapacity, the victims may want to resign. Hirigoyen (2001) notes that in 36 per cent of the cases, the victim leaves the firm. In 20 per cent of the reported cases the person is laid off, in the 9 per cent of the cases, the departure is negotiated, in 7 per cent of the cases, the person resigns and in 1 per cent of the cases, the person is put in an anticipated retirement. From those studies it can be concluded that bullying at work is one of the most important factors that will be playing a role in job dissatisfaction, therefore causing job failure. For any organizational management it is essential to make sure that they are able to influence employees’ attitudes towards their colleagues and their job responsibilities. Organizational justice will also affect the trust between the supervisors and employees and also a reason, intension to leave their company, in other words it will influence the level of their loyalty to their management. Most researchers will agree that organizational justice is â€Å"a dominating theme in organizational life† (Cremer, 2005, p. 4). A study by Monica Forret and Mary Sue Love (2007) states that healthy relationship between colleagues in an organization is directly related to justice perceptions of an organization and therefore it helps employees to respect one another and to work well together. Hawthorne studies have developed a new theory called the human relations movement. In 1924 there were several researches conducted at the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric Company in Illinois by a group of Harvard researchers, therefore these experiments are known among people as the Hawthorne studies. Those researches claimed that the performance was affected by the way people were treated; shaping worker’s attitudes directly depends on individual and social processes. Consequently it is vital for a management to be able to identify those needs of their employees, needs for recognition and social satisfaction. Abraham Maslow and Douglas McGregor are the two people who are known for their contributions in developing and gathering more information on human relations movement. The relationship between job satisfaction and job performance has become a center of attention due to the studies on human relations movement. Judge, Thoresen, Bono, Patton, 2001) Job satisfaction refers to the employee’s pleasurable or positive emotional state as a result of the appraisal of one’s job and job experiences according to (Locke, 1970; Schmidt, 2007) Not only it is an indicator of a psychological health of an employee (Haccoun Jeanrie, 1995), but also various positive results which any organization would desire, including work attendance, intention to remain in the organization, motivation to transfer learning, turnover intention and actual turnover. One of the main goals of Human Resource Department (HRD) is to boost job performance (Swanson Holton, 2001) Methodology Participants This research will require 150 people of different age categories working in different industries. It is necessary for participants to not be holding a managerial level, due to the fact that holding any power over other employees might form a different judgment, point of view related to one of the questions of this research which is trying to find out whether it is a salary paid or justice at a work place have a greater impact on job satisfaction.

What Antimatter Is and Where to Find It

What Antimatter Is and Where to Find It You may have heard about antimatter in the context of science fiction or particles accelerators, but antimatter is a part of the everyday world. Here is a look at what antimatter is and where you might find it. Every elementary particle has a corresponding anti-particle, which is antimatter. Protons have anti-protons. Neutrons have anti-neutrons. Electrons have anti-electrons, which are common enough to have their own name: positrons. Particles of antimatter have a charge opposite that of their usual components. For example, positrons have a 1 charge, while electrons have a -1 electric charge. Antimatter Atoms and Antimatter Elements Antimatter particles may be used to build antimatter atoms and antimatter elements. An atom of anti-helium would be comprised of a nucleus containing two anti-neutrons and two anti-protons (charge -2), surrounded by 2 positrons (charge 2). Anti-protons, anti-neutrons, and positrons have been produced in the lab, but antimatter exists in nature, too. Positrons are generated by lightning, among other phenomena. Lab-created positrons are used in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) medical scans. When antimatter and matter react the event is known as annihilation. A great deal of energy is released by the reaction, but no earth-ending dire consequence results, like you would see in science fiction. What Does Antimatter Look Like? When you see antimatter depicted in science fiction movies, its usually some weird glowing gas in a special containment unit. Real antimatter looks just like regular matter. Anti-water, for example, would still be H2O and would have the same properties of water when reacting with other antimatter. The difference is that antimatter reacts with regular matter, so you do not encounter large amounts of antimatter in the natural world. If you somehow had a bucket of anti-water and threw it into the regular ocean, it would produce an explosion much like that of a nuclear device. Real antimatter exists on a small scale in the world around us, reacts, and is gone.

5-Step Program to Improve Your Communication Skills

5-Step Program to Improve Your Communication Skills With the development of technology lots of people find it more simple to get anything they want from the web, avoiding face-to-face contact. Nevertheless, communication skills are still essential: not only will they help you be successful in your studies and at the workplace, but also they are a powerful instrument, that helps you learn about the world and live a life, full of diverse experiences that come from interacting with different people. Weve come up with a series of steps that will facilitate effective communication with others. Try them out! Be cautious, though: theres a high probability that youll become more talkative, popular person! Identify the Weak Spots Lets face it: if youve ended up searching for â€Å"how to improve your communication skills† you obviously think there is an area for improvement. Dont be too harsh on yourself: saying youre a total mess wont do you any good. Be critical yet constructive. A possible solution here could be to videotape yourself having a conversation: you might do it on your own or ask a friend or a family member for help. Watch it with your confidante and determine all the soft spots: it might be a body language, the tone of voice (too low or too high), the speed of your speech. All in all, make a list, stay positive and remember: youre on the way to success! Learn Your Body Language We send non-verbal signals of the time: your posture, gestures, the way you look at your interlocutor say a lot about how you feel. There is a simple recipe, that can help you transmit a far more positive message. Dont slouch, try not to cross your hands and legs, when talking to someone, and, of course, smile! It is also a great idea to maintain a confident tone, without being too loud or too timid and keep an eye contact with your conversation partner. These are just the basics, adjustable for every individual, nevertheless, paying attention to them certainly wont hurt. You should also pay attention to your fellow talkers body language: youll interpret the signs they give you more competently and even be able to change your behavior to achieve the best possible outcome of the interaction. Listen Everybody loves talking about themselves. Thus, having a conversation about ones thoughts, dreams and plans is a shortcut to establishing friendly relationships with the person. The most important thing here is to pay attention and really listen to your conversation partner. Dont be a drain for information. Do your best to be an active listener: encourage the person to continue by asking relevant questions, paraphrase their own thoughts to make sure you have the same ideas in mind and, of course, concentrate on what they say. The â€Å"what goes around comes around† rule applies here. Pay attention and the opposite party is very likely to pay it back. Stand Up for Yourself Assertiveness by no means implies being aggressive or overly contentious. It rather involves ability to express your ideas openly and honestly, respecting others. To send appropriate message you should remember several basic rules. know where you stand: you wont be able to pursue your goals, without knowing exactly what they are. Listen to yourself, work out your own views on certain issues and then express them to others. be negative effectively: its perfectly OK to be angry or frustrated. What matters, though, is being able to tackle the problems constructively. Holding negative emotions in is destructive, so dont fixate on them. If something causes your discomfort, tell people about it and dont wait too long to look for solutions. stay tolerant: expressing your own stance is surely of the highest importance. However, you shouldnt forget about one of the most valuable benefits of communication: it leads to exchange of experiences. Try to stay flexible and take others opinion into account: new insights might help you change the situation for the better. Count to 10 Managing stress and anxiety is a vital skill. Lots of wrong things were said in the wrong way for the reason of simple nervousness. Thats why you should be able to identify the point, when you start to lose control over the situation and handle it properly. Dont worry about pauses in conversations. Sometimes, they are a great opportunity to take your time and think of the next point youd like to mention. The urge to fill the silence may result in thoughtless mumbling, which does not lead to fruitful communication. Repeat the questions and ask for clarifications, when needed. This will show youre truly interested in the positive outcome of a conversation and prove youre a good listener and critical thinker. Take deep breaths. This technique wouldnt be so popular if it didnt work. When you feel youre about to lose the nerve, count to ten (yeah, that again) and concentrate on your breathing. In a moment youll see: everything is not so bad! Keep Going Thats not the last step of our program. Thats just a recommendation for the future. Think of the methods above and apply them in practice. Have a chat with a shop assistant or talk to a stranger at the bus stop. It might be a bit scary at first, but youll love the result. No one is perfect. Thats what makes us humans. Working on those imperfections makes us better versions of ourselves. Keep that in mind and dont stop!

Business economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business economy - Essay Example An excise tax is defined as a tax imposed on a specific amount per unit of product, and for this reason is sometimes also referred to as a specific tax (Keats & Young, 2005, p. 149). In contrast, there are ad valorem taxes such as sales taxes, which are imposed on the value or price of the product or service. Taxes imposed on â€Å"unhealthy† goods are also called â€Å"sin taxes.† They are usually state-sponsored taxes which legislators readily resort to at times when the government is seen to run a budget deficit and needs to raise funds. The taxpayers rarely protest any imposition or increase of sin taxes, for the reason that the tax is not imposed on the general public but only those who buy the product which is seen as harmful to them, anyway. Sin taxes may either be specific or ad valorem, and are generally imposed on cigarettes or tobacco, liquor, and gambling. (Investopedia, 2009) The price, income and cross-price elasticities of demand as well as the price elasticity of supply all bear on the effectivity of imposing sin taxes. Price elasticity measures changes in demand due to changes in prices of the good, income elasticity the changes in demand due to changes in the buyer’s income, and the cross-price elasticity of demand changes in demand for a good due to a percentage change in the price of a related good. On the other hand, the price elasticity of supply refers to the percentage change in the quantity supplied for a good given the percentage change of price for that same good. These four elasticities are important in the determination of the tax incidence, though those that bear most directly are the price elasticities of demand and supply. This is because different commodities have different responses to increase in prices, and government’s selection of which commodities to tax and how much to tax will determine government revenue. Rose (2003) observes that this was considered by Adam Smith

Lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Lab Report Example On the shortest axis, the dynamic moment of inertia was more than the static inertia. This also applies to the longest axis where the dynamic moment is far more large than the static. The difference noticed from the determined dynamic and static moment of inertias is an illustration that the rotational axis has a core function in rotational motion. In normal case, especially where there are no deformations, the dynamic moment of inertia and static moment of inertia are equal, except for small errors that may result from experimental undertakings. The difference exhibited between the two moments of inertia can be attributed to the change in the rotational axis. As the axis is moved from the shortest hole to the longest hole, the deformation (change) contributes to the change in the resistance of the object to angular acceleration. Just like in linear motion where, when the object is rotated about a long axis, the acceleration is likely to reduce as compared to when subjected to a shorter axis. Further, the friction was also determined to be a contributing factor to the difference between static and dynamic moment of inertia. Intuitively, dynamic cases are susceptible to friction effect because of the movement exhibited, unlike in static where an object is fixed. As shown by the higher value of dynamic moment of inertia than static moment of inertia, friction had a stake in this. In which case, friction resulted to a too high value for Id during the experiment. Friction force acts in slowing down the rotational acceleration consequently enforcing the ability of the object to resist the angular acceleration. Consequently, addition of friction adds to the resistance of the object to friction, which in turn increases the total dynamic moment of inertia. In the case of static moment of inertia, there is no friction exhibited consequently the resistance (moment of inertia) is not in any way affected. The results show that the rotational kinetic

Forecasting Presidential Election Essay Example for Free

Forecasting Presidential Election Essay The economy of the United States is believed to be experiencing a â€Å"recession†, creating a global effect on the economies of other nations. The Democratic Party of the United States has several essential arguments when dealing with the national economy. For instance, Democrats largely believe in the principle of graduated tax incomes which focus on the belief that those who have higher earnings should pay more taxes and, conversely, the poor people should pay less tax. Barak Obama has stronger chances of winning the 2008 Presidential Elections over Hillary Clinton when taking the matter of national economy as the central basis. Clinton’s strong urge for a ‘universal healthcare’ will not take her any further in the presidential elections for several reasons. On the basis of the national economy, Clinton cannot expect every single American to avail themselves of healthcare, especially among the poor population. Although Clinton may strongly support affordable universal healthcare, it is by far an idealistic goal precisely because sustained payments for a healthcare provider is still beyond the reach of the pockets of many Americans. Moreover, the establishment of a universal healthcare system for Americans cannot be managed single-handedly by an already-busy government. That is the part where private companies offering healthcare services enter the subject. Unfortunately, Fran Baum suggests that â€Å"the privatization of health services† has effectively â€Å"reduced access to healthcare for poorer people† inasmuch as it has also â€Å"reduced the likelihood of universal health services that offer equitable access to health services† . The fact that the resources of America are limited and that these resources should be properly allocated means that a large chunk of the national budget spent on a universal healthcare alone would create an economic imbalance, an event which is not within the top priorities of democrats. Obama’s plan with regard to the national economy, on the other hand, zeroes in giving tax reliefs to the middle class Americans. Obama’s plans to give tax reliefs of approximately $1,000 for middle class Americans is based on the observation that wages have remained significantly stagnant while the steady rises in the prices of commodities have eaten a large part of the budget of Americans. By trimming the taxes of middle class Americans which comprise the larger fraction of the nation, Obama expects that middle class will be given more purchasing power which in turn will translate to a revitalized economy. Although â€Å"the U. S. federal tax system is in reality a hybrid of an income and consumption tax, with some elements that do not fit naturally into either system† , Obama’s proposal makes it clear that every working family will be awarded tax reliefs whether or not they consume or spend too much, or they have a higher income in contrast to families of similar financial status. The fact that the U. S. federal tax system is a hybrid system suggests that a tax cut on healthcare may not easily meet its goals. To surpass the challenge of determining which part of healthcare—the ‘income’ part of the ‘consumption’ part—is to be deducted with tax is to surmount a hefty task. An analysis of the status of the national economy of America and its peripheries is just one approach in determining or predicting the outcome of the impending presidential elections. Apparently, technology also shares an equally important role in this national event, among others. Exit and public polls Frederic Solop maintains that the internet â€Å"has recently become an important part of the democratic process† . The fact that America is one of the top countries in the world which has the most number of people who are connected to the internet makes the country more susceptible to the changes in the online industry. The online industry has also been equally strong in influencing the media, and as we know if it, the broadcasting media has its own role in forecasting the presidential elections. Exit polls are being used by several media networks such as CNN and Fox New Network as basis for their elections forecast. Since these television networks have a broad range of reach, it is not a farfetched idea that the observations derived by these networks from the exit polls contribute to the ways in which the voters are able to decide on their presidential candidate. Exit polls are essentially public polls and this fact essentially gives the impression that the behavior of public opinion based on these exit polls is as close to the results of the presidential race as it can get. Of course, there are a number of exceptional cases such as the margin of error, usually at about 4 percent plus or minus, which can overturn the forecasted results assuming the difference in the rankings of the candidates are close to 2 to 4 percent. Add up to the forecasting use of exit polls the role of the media in actually transmitting these polls across the nation. The Fox News Network previously included in its broadcast of the polling results in the different parts of America prior to â€Å"Super Tuesday† a partition of the various factors that led to the polling results. For instance, the analysis on the exit polls released by Fox News included a subdivision of the voting preferences which the network later used to arrive at certain observations such as how blacks voted in favor of either Clinton or Obama, or as to how women preferred Clinton over Obama and vice versa. Fox News also had forecasts on the presidential elections based on public opinion which includes but is not limited to: the effects of Bill Clinton’s attitude towards the media in relation to Hillary’s performance in the election race, how the public views the gender and racial issues being infused into the elections, and the perception of the public concerning the personal attacks of the Clinton and Obama camps to one another. All of these things and a lot more have effects on the voting preference of the public. Public opinions by any media network transmitted via the internet or through live broadcast are just some of the ways in forecasting the presidential elections. Bellwether states Bellwether states have become the center of attention of political analysts who cast their forecasts on the presidential elections. Although the states of Missouri, Nevada, Tennessee, Ohio and Delaware have produces different outcomes in the national elections, these states have merely missed quite a few instances of these electoral outcomes. It is for this reason that the belief in these Bellwether States as probable indicators of the next American President have remained since the early twentieth century. With regard to the Clinton-Obama presidential campaign, it can be said that these Bellwether States pose a certain bearing on the outcome of the elections. If either one of the two democratic candidates are able to win in these states, it can be considered that they may have already won the presidential elections. Yet this may simply be not the case, as the certainties of the current presidential race are yet to be seen. If one is to delimit the considerations for presidency in terms of these states, then it can also be argued that the democratic winner in these Bellwether States has a higher chance of succeeding in the elections. However, the performance of Obama and Clinton in the various polls and the widely divided expert opinion on their presidential campaigns draws more and more uncertainties. If indeed the larger streams of factors are to be considered, the Bellwether States have very minimal bearing on the outcome of the presidential elections. In fact, these states have a disparity in terms of the outcome of the national elections. While Obama and Clinton won two of these five states each, with the remaining to be decided sometime this February, it appears that there are further uncertainties that remain to be resolved in the coming days. Expert opinion In terms of expert opinion, it would be no surprise to have a division among these opinions because it is quite difficult to share personal views even when based on facts without having an inclination to infuse certain ideologies which border on the side of either Obama or Clinton. Expert’s opinions nevertheless do hold certain grounds, and the weight of their merit resides more or less on the experiences and background of the ‘expert’. Political experts who both argue against and argue with the democrats, and with or against either Obama or Clinton, have credibility in their insights largely because of what they have contributed to American politics, especially in forecasting the presidential elections. As for the Obama-Clinton presidential campaigns, these experts are equally divided as well.The only similarity that one may see among them is their fervent desire to draw their forecasts on the elections. Bibliography Baum, Fran. Primary Healthcare: Can the Dream Be Revived? Development in Practice 13, no. 5 (2003): 517. Gordon, Roger, Laura Kalambokidis, Jeffrey Rohaly, and Joel Slemrod. Toward a Consumption Tax, and Beyond. The American Economic Review 94, no. 2 (2004): 161. Solop, Frederic I. Digital Democracy Comes of Age: Internet Voting and the 2000 Arizona Democratic Primary Election. Political Science and Politics 34, no. 2 (2001): 289.

moralant confant Conflicting Values in Sophocles Antigone :: Antigone essays

Conflicting Values in Antigone In the play "Antigone" by Sophocles, Creon and Antigone have distinct and conflicting values. Creon's regard for the laws of the city causes him to abandon all other beliefs. He feels that all should obey the laws set forth by him, even if other beliefs, moral or religious, state otherwise. Antigone, on the other hand, holds the beliefs of the gods in high reverence. She feels that the laws of the gods should be obeyed above all others, especially when in respect to family. Creon has a very strong opinion about the laws of the city and the laws passed by him. His method of enforcing them is very strict. Creon orders that Polyneices will not be buried because of his dishonor towards Thebes. Furthermore, if anyone is caught burying him they will be killed for disobeying his order. Polonieces is Antigone's brother. He is being punished because he attacked Thebes and betrayed Creon and the people of Thebes. Creon's harsh punishment on those who disobey the law makes many fear him and dare not to go against him. One example is Ismene's regard for Creon's laws. She tries to talk her sister out of burying her brother because of what could happen to her if Creon found out that she went against him. Ismene says "We must obey them.....I yield to those who have authority"(5). Not only do the people of Thebes obey the laws of the city because of their fear but because it is a shame to dishonor the king. To go against the kings claim and dishonor the law is to die a more shameful death then Antigone's mother and father(59-60). Antigone does not want to let her brother be left without a proper burial. Her belief is to show respect and love towards her brother she must bury him. Her beliefs in "The sacred laws that Heaven holds in honor" are far more important than those set by the king(Antigone 78). She feels that the king cannot override her belief in the gods. Â  Antigone feels very strongly about burying her brother against Creon's orders. She refused to back down from her opinion even when confronted by the king and sentenced to death. Antigone reasoning is: "It was not Zeus who published this decree, Nor have the powers who rule among the dead Imposed such laws as this upon mankind; Nor could I think that a decree of yours- A man-could override the laws of Heaven Unwritten and unchanged"(450-455).

Management Information System and Business Strategy

Technology was designed to make our lives easier? This Is what we are being led to believe. But Is It truly the case? In today's society many people are finding It harder to concentrate on the Job, at home or school because of the constant information flow. We are now required to continuously educate ourselves with the latest technological tools making it more challenging to focus on accomplishing the mission. Module 1 Case states, â€Å"Information overload!The phrase alone is enough to strike terror into the hardiest of managers; it presages the breakdown of society as e know it and the failure of management to cope with change. † During this module I will discuss information overload and how it has become a problem requiring additional time and energy to research information that may not be necessary. I will also discuss how we people should deal with information overload by limiting the amount of time they spend on information tools learning to organize what they learn. AN ALYSIS Search Engines provide us with a wealth of Information. Information that we need and Information we don't need.This causes us to become Inundated with more information than we can use. Networked Information should simplify and expedite our research time. For some this is not always true. The information available on the internet is overwhelming. Blair, A. States, â€Å"It takes only one or two pages of Google hits to overwhelm the average reader. † This is true in so many ways. For example, someone searching for a particular subject will first be bombarded with many links relating to his subject. The user will also receive unrelated pop-ups for advertisements causing other window browsers to open for viewing.These castrations are preventing you from focusing on initial search results. Next thing you know there Is Information coming at you through numerous open links and you find yourself closing pop-ups as quickly as new ones appear. This unnecessary work can be very s tressful and overwhelming. D. E. Broadband states â€Å"The Filter Model suggests that human senses have a limited â€Å"channel capacity† and that people easily become â€Å"overwhelmed† by too much information. † People are being overloaded with information at work, school, and even the safe haven of home.It's not healthy for the mind and can lead to stress and anxiety.. Benjamin Ellis states, â€Å"Being overwhelmed leads to high levels of stress, resulting in the fight or flight response. † E-mail is the perfect example of information overload in my office. It is constantly filling co-worker's in-boxes. Checking e-mail throughout the day takes your focus away from the Job. Dry. Glen Wilson said â€Å"The human brain finds it difficult to cope with Juggling lots of tasks at once and that constantly breaking off from tasks to check e-mail slowed the brain down. Stress Is then added on top of this because we are required to put In over-time to make up f or the lack of productively. Gregory Northeast states â€Å"Technology has made us much more efficient, but much less effective. Time is being gained but Quality of relationships is states, â€Å"Information overload was experienced long before the appearance of today's digital gadgets. † People can become overwhelmed when starting a new Job. They come into the Job expecting to impress but find them self struggling to learn the basics. If they researched the information needed to do the Job things will run more smoothly.People have not forgotten how to research information, but they may require help I organizing what they have learned. Networked information will continue to grow at a fast pace, and it's up to us to keep up with it. Being organized and wanting to learn more should not be a problem for anyone. You will become more knowledgeable when practicing organizing. It starts with a little organization in knowing where you place those reference notes. We are fortunate to have developed continuity binders in my unit. They come in handy when there is no overlap in a position or someone has taken extended emergency leave.Staying organized can save a lot of time in a society that depends heavily on the internet. Oliver Mark states, â€Å"Data in a computer is like having a continuity book; it's only in existence when you make something of it. † The information on the internet had to be entered by someone. And these people had to make this information available to the World Wide Web so that others may refer back to it. There is Just so much of the same information out there. People learn from one another and we learn by doing. Just like the social learning theory, the cognitive theory is similar.The cognitive theory states, â€Å"A cognitive theory of multimedia learning based on three main assumptions: there are two separate channels (auditory and visual) for processing information; there is limited channel capacity; and that learning is an act ive process of filtering, selecting, organizing, and integrating information. † It is important to create your own preservation of notes, by sorting, selecting and summarizing to help overcome being overwhelmed by networked information. Blair, A. Describes to sort and keep notes of what you want to know.She states, â€Å"Today search engines can track the keywords chosen by individual users and writers, but e still need library cataloger and indexers who can identify relevant category terms that do not appear explicitly in the text and who can group related topics under consistent subject headings. Subject and index headings perforce change over time, as do the categories by which we remember and manage our own notes; they remain a uniquely powerful tool. † Next she describes to select only what you need to know and summarize it. With all the information out on the network you can sometimes have pages of information that you really don't need.Blair, A. States, â€Å"Ke yword earaches and data mining offer tempting alternatives to earlier methods used by readers and authors to select the â€Å"best bits† to store and later refer to. † Time management is part of being organized; Individuals that are organized will have less stress dealing with information overload, one really good network tool is outlook. In outlook you can create folders to help organize incoming emails. Above I stated that many individuals are overwhelmed or stressed because they have too many e-mail coming all at once. Outlook can synchronize them so that they can come back and read them later.Knowing how to use networked tools should make your life easier; however you must be willing to want to learn the new technology. Marks, O. State, â€Å"Machines communicate at ever more sophisticated levels with each other in bombarding us with information your time commitment can be significant. The flow of networked information into and through organization can be overwhelm ing, however, individuals must learn how to Just deal with what is coming their way and show initiative that they are willing to learn how these networked tools work to help them be organized, save time and be less overwhelmed.Networked information is like the news it reports what people want to hear and what the individual chooses to listen to, what people decide to take in is up to the individual to control how they are going to react. Blair, A. States, â€Å"It's important to remember that information overload is not unique to our time, lest we fall into doom saying. At the same time, we need to proceed carefully in the transition to electronic media. † EVALUATION I think technology is great, however it can be overwhelming. Many of us don't know how to research what we need or use because we always want to learn more.We overwhelm ourselves because we can't Just focus on a single thing. We would rather multi-task. But it is important that we learn how to take notes because someday our children may want the same information we have learned. Blair, A. States, â€Å"Like generations before us, we need all the tools for gathering and assessing information that we can muster?some inherited from the past, others new to the present. Many of our technologies will no doubt rapidly seem obsolete, but, we can hope, not human attention and Judgment, which should continue to be the central components of thoughtful information management.

Cooperative learning Change of Leadership for Differentiated Education

Concerted larning refers to work done by pupil squads bring forthing a merchandise of some kind ( such as a set of job solutions, a research lab or undertaking study, or the design of a merchandise or a procedure ) , under conditions that satisfy five standards: ( 1 ) positive mutuality, ( 2 ) single answerability, ( 3 ) face to confront interaction for at least portion of the work, ( 4 ) appropriate usage of interpersonal accomplishments, and ( 5 ) regular self-assessment of squad operation. Extensive research has shown that comparative to traditional single and competitory manners of direction, decently implemented concerted larning leads to greater acquisition and superior development of communicating and teamwork accomplishments ( e.g. leading, undertaking direction, and struggle declaration accomplishments ) . Gregory ( 2008 ) The technique has been used with considerable success in all scientific subjects, including chemical science. The benefits of concerted acquisition are non automatic, nevertheless, and if amiss implemented, the method can make considerable troubles for teachers, most notably dysfunctional squads and pupil opposition or ill will to group work. This paper offers a figure of suggestions for organizing squads, fulfilling the five specifying standards of concerted acquisition, and minimising the jobs. Harmonizing to Gregory ( 2008 ) Teachers who have ne'er used the attack are advised to travel into it bit by bit instead than trying a all-out execution on their first attempt, and to increase the degree of execution in subsequent class offerings. To an increasing extent, they should see the larning benefits promised by the research, and as their expertness and assurance in implementing the method continue to turn, pupil ratings of the squad experience should better at the same time. Most si gnificantly, instructors who are successful in utilizing concerted acquisition in their categories will hold the satisfaction of cognizing that they have significantly helped fix their pupils for their professional callings. There are several grounds why concerted acquisition plants every bit good as it does. The thought that pupils learn more by making something active than by merely watching and listening has long been known to both cognitive psychologists and effectual instructors and concerted acquisition is by its nature an active method. Beyond that, cooperation enhances larning in several ways. Weak pupils working separately are likely to give up when they get stuck ; working hand in glove, they keep traveling. Strong pupils faced with the undertaking of explicating and clear uping stuff to weaker pupils frequently find spreads in their ain apprehension and make full them in. Students working entirely may be given to detain finishing assignments or jump them wholly, but when they know that others are numbering on them, they are motivated to make the work in a timely mode. The proved benefits of concerted acquisition notwithstanding, instructors who attempt it often encounter opposition and sometimes unfastened ill will from the pupils. Bright pupils complain about Begin held back by their slower teammates ; weak or unassertive pupils complain about being discounted or ignored in group Sessionss ; and bitternesss build when some squad members fail to draw their weight. Knowing and patient teachers find ways to cover with these jobs, but others become demoralized and revert to the traditional teacher-centered instructional paradigm, which is a loss both for them and for their pupils. Gregory ( 2008 ) However I believe concerted acquisition is more than merely inquiring pupil to acquire in a group and work on an assignment together. Most research workers and practicians of concerted larning emphasis that it is a formal instructional theoretical account in which instructors carefully design lessons and activities that are suited for usage by squads. These squads are little, stable, and heterogenous, and have been adequately prepared for working together. When utilizing squads in the schoolroom, I see faculty as holding to direct their attending to six different countries: climate-setting ; squad formation ; teambuilding ; concerted accomplishments development ; lesson design ; and classroom direction.Climate SettingWhile many of my pupils are enthused about the chance to larn with and from their equals, it is non uncommon for me to meet pupils who are loath to take part in any kind of group activities. So, how does one take a category of pupils whose feelings about concerted acquis ition scope from love through indifference to downright ill will and turn them into a community of scholars? The first ( but by no means the merely ) measure is to work on making a category clime that encourages cooperation. My suggestions include: aˆ? Communicate clear outlooks to pupils about Cooperative acquisition on the first twenty-four hours of category. I recommend that you inform pupils that you plan to utilize concerted acquisition, why you use it, and what it means to them. Will they be graded on category engagement? What happens if they come to category unprepared? It ‘s peculiarly of import to allow pupils cognize about your policies on group classs. It ‘s besides a good thought to admit that some people would prefer to work entirely, and to indicate out the activities and assignments they ‘ll be working on independently.aˆ? Problem SetsStudents complete some or most of their prep assignments in squads. The squads are encouraged to include merely the names of existent participants on the solution set that they manus in. The pupils are ab initio disinclined to go forth anyone ‘s name away, but finally they get tired of allowing nonparticipants ( â€Å" hitchhikers, † in concert ed acquisition idiom ) acquire good classs for work they did n't make and get down to exclude names, at which point many hitchhikers-unhappy about acquiring nothings on assignments-start cooperating. The squad gets a class for the assignment, but finally the public presentation of each squad member should be assessed and the consequences used to set the mean squad prep class individually for each squad member. In decision there are many route blocks that may happen throughout the journey to cooperative acquisition. Not all pupils take their duties earnestly plenty. Many feel that their slack will be picked up by the others in the group. Some pupils may be excessively strong of leaders and smother the parts of the other members of the squad. Conflict is a natural byproduct of cooperation. When pupils are asked to work together, it is with the purpose that they will each supply a differing position and or sentiment. When differing sentiments are joined together to make one merchandise, struggle is certain to originate. Conflict can be a really healthy springboard to larning. When pupils dialogue and debate their sentiments they might reenforce their thoughts or disregard them. The ability to listen and be flexible to new positions is perfectly indispensable to the success of a group. Delegating functions may besides assist to ease the instability of attempt. The pupils who do n't lend adequate attempt should foremost be encouraged by their groups. If this proves unsuccessful, the teacher should step in and mediate. It is perfectly unjust to penalize a group for the ineffectualness of one member. Students should make everything possible to stay a concerted and cohesive unit, but if all efforts fail they should be allowed a opportunity to reconstruct a new unit. It should besides ne'er be the duty of the strongest member of the squad to transport the others. Teachers can non presume that all group struggles should be resolved entirely. Classroom mold of effectual group work and role-playing of struggle state of affairss should be directed by the instructor. However many old ages of research and legion surveies can non be denied concerted acquisition is an effectual method for understanding and retaining information. Industry experts can non be ignored when they province that being able to work efficaciously in a squad is an imperative accomplishment. Concerted acquisition is non a replacing for the schoolroom instructor. It is intended to complement the direct direction by doing pupils to be confident minds and active scholars.

Media Impact essays

Media Impact essays The Spin Doctors: Examining the Media The amount of media exposure we have been subjected to since birth is astounding. The media affects our daily life even when we arent aware of it. As a teenager, I utilize many types of media. Moreover, I do not realize that there are at least six major companies that own almost everything we see, hear and read. The media is driven by profit and power, not the pursuit of factual news. The idea of these conglomerates to make one big corporation is bizarre. I believe they look at people and only care about money. All they want is to compete with each other with the most power. The companies concentrate on what people like but they really do not care. The audience is drawn to personal celebrity life, trendy outfits and bizarre ceremonies. I argue that these companies cannot come together because soon it will be one company who owns everything and there will not be any competition to outshine the media. I will assert the scope and nature of the mass media I use, the consumption of ce rtain mediated texts vs. others, the ownership of my man media outlets and how it has affected and influenced my life. At 18, I am attentive of at least 7-8 hours a day of media contact. On vacation, media contact is limited because individuals have better things to do; sightsee, swim in the ocean and of course shop. Shopping plays a big part of media keeping one modernized with stylish fashion during everyones vacation. I use media to relax, to waste time, to know what is happening around the world, window-shopping for clothes and for pleasure. I like to listen to a movie I have seen a million times while I work. One of many movies I listen to is Waynes World. While typing this paper, I am listening to music and doing my laundry. A few radio stations I listen to are 106.7 KBPI, KISS 95.7, KOSI 101.1. The E! Entertainment channel is one of my all time favorites. I enjoy watching the news and true ...

Biometric System at Blackadder Recruitment-Free-Samples for Students

Discuss about the Biometric System at Blackadder Recruitment. Blackadder Recruitment is a Sydney based recruitment firm. They are known in the industry for providing best manpower services across industries. At this point of time, the organization is using the old register method to record the attendance of the employees. With increasing number of employees, this is b ing a difficult task for the HR as well as the payroll department to record the in-time, out-time, leaves and half-day work of the employees. Due to this, the HR team at Blackadder recruitment has proposed to implement automated system (Blackadder Recruitment 2018). Blackadder recruitment would be implementing biometric system to record the attendance. The biometric system would be directly linked to the payroll software. This will help the HR department to track the attendance of employees efficiently and also the salaries can be processed accordingly. Initially, the team size of the organization was just 12 employees and hence, the HR department was easily able to manage the attendance, in-time and out-time of all the employees, but now, the team size has increased to 60 and it is expected to increase more with acquisition of new clients. To have a proper system in place, the organization should implement biometric system. The employees will swipe their finger as and when they walk-in or walk-out and hence, attendance tracking would b e easy and at the same time, the employees cannot cheat. The system can a modate up to 3000 employees and hence, the organization can implement this once and it. The cost of the system is $5000 to $7000 and this is a one-time investment. The maintenance can be easily taken care by the existing IT department in the organization (Oh 2013). Blackadder recruitment can consider the below two organizations for the implementation of biometric system. PeopleKey and Biometix have shared their quotation with the HR department at Blackadder recruitment. The organization will have to make a sound decision based on their requirement. Upgrade (as and when new feature es up) After much thought and consideration, the organization decided to proceed with PeopleKey and few of the reasons are discussed below. It is merely impossible for the HR department to implement the system all alone. All the team leads and managers would be called for the implementation and they would be municated about the problems that the HR department is facing due to the register method which is currently used to record attendance. The employees are forging their in-time and out-time and also their leave record. The team leads and managers will accept to the fact that this is creating an impact on their productivity as well (McGorry 2015). All the team leads will municate to their respective team about the implementation of new biometric system and also the advantages of the same. In the meantime, a team from PeopleKey would meet up with the employees to understand their queries and sort it. There are possibilities that the system may be down sometimes and may not record the attendance so in such situations, this can be rectified by the HR team so this training was also provided to them. The HR department municated to employees about the problem with the old system and the benefits that they would reap by implementation of this. The organization will be paying overtime bonus to employees as an incentive and this motivated the employees to accept the change with open arms (King 2015). An implementation plan would ensure that the system is implemented successfully and it is as follows: - All the employees in the organization will have to follow the below procedure for usage of the system. All the employees in the organization should be involved in implementation process and hence, the below munication would be shared with the employees. We are growing and its proud feeling for each of us. With growth, the organization’s dependence on technology grows. To fulfill our requirement, we are implementing a biometric system for the purpose of recording the attendance. For the same, you need to meet up with the IT department to register your fingerprint. Once your fingerprint is registered, you just need to swipe your finger in the biometric system rather than that of being dependent on the old register method (Javalgi 2013). All the employees in the organization will be trained by the PeopleKey officials on how to use the system, the advantages and also the benefits that other similar organizations have found with the usage of this biometric. The IT employees in the organization will be hand holded for the first 2 months while they do the registration, this will make them feel confident. Similarly, the HR department will also be trained to make modifications from the backend. If there are any technical glitches, the IT or HR department can raise a service request on the portal and the same would be addressed by the concerned person in maximum of 48 working hours (Huggins 2015). Risk with implementation of biometric system and also the risk management plan Risks associated with implementation of this biometric system and also the risk management plans are as follows. Demotivation among employees as they may feel that the management doesn’t trust them There are possibilities that the system may not work due to technical glitches or power concern The criteria to monitor the performance of the system are as follows: - To ensure that the system is safe, the registration rights would be present with the IT department alone. Similarly, the right to rectify in-time and out-time in the system would lie with the HR alone. These credentials will not be shared with anyone else. Blackadder recruitment is growing continuously and hence, the organization would be soon implementing payroll software. At that point of time, the attendance software would be synced with the payroll software. The attendance will directly move to the payroll system so that the manual work can be reduced to a great extent. The biometric system is already synced to the existing intranet and it is capable enough to hold the attendance record of 3 years. To be on the safer side, the attendance of all employees would be recorded in the file on monthly basis (Hemphill 2013). With the implementation of biometric system, the below aspects of business has improved. The changing business needs which needs to be addressed by the management are as follows: - To start with, the management should allow the employees to regularize their attendance (Herciu   2013). The munication that would be shared with the employees is as follows: - The employees can regularize their attendance rather than sharing an email request to the manager and then the HR. Please visit the pany’s portal, login and click on regularize option. Over here, you will see your existing time and you can enter the new time. Once done, click on submit. This would go to your manager for approval. Once approved, the revised time would be visible on your portal (Hunseok 2013). The HR department will give face-to-face training to all employees so that they can understand the regularization process. After that, a video would be recorded and this video would be shared with all the employees so that they can view it, as and when required. The implementation of biometric system at Blackadder recruitment will help the employees to view their actual attendance at all point of time. The payroll department can also easily plete the payroll without any errors. Blackadder Recruitment, 2018, Multi Specialist, Cross Sector, Viewed on March 14, 2018, https://blackadder .au Biometix, 2018, Consult, Viewed on March 14, 2018, https://www.biometix /consult/ Hunseok, O, 2013, How can we assess and evaluate the petitive advantage of a country’s human resource development system? Asia Pacific Education Review, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 151-159 Herciu, M,   2013, Measuring international petitiveness of Romania by using porter’s diamond and revealed parative advantage, Procedia Economics and Finance, vol. 6, pp. 273-279 Hemphill, T, 2013, China’s National Champions: The evolution of a National industrial policy – or a new era of economic protectionism? Thunderbird International Business Review, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 193-212 Hiziroglu, M, 2013, An investigation on petitiveness in services: Turkey versus European Union, Journal of Economic studies, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 775-793 Huggins, R, 2015, The petitive advantage of nations: origins and journey, petitiveness review, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 458-47 Javalgi, R, 2013, Strategies for sustaining the edge in offshore outsourcing of service: the case of India, Journal of Business & Industrial marketing, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 475-486 Ketelhohn, N, 2015, The central American petitiveness initiative, petitiveness Review, vol. 25, 25, no. 5, pp. 555-570 King, K, 2015,   A disadvantaged advantage of walkability: findings from socioeconomic and geographical analysis of national built environment data in the United States, American journal of epidemiology, vol. 181, no. 1, pp. 17-25 Mallya, S, 2014, Block Building Corporate and Nations: Global Strategy, SCMS Journal of Indian Management , vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 11-19 McGorry, P, 2015, Australian early psychosis research network: National collaboration, international petitive advantage, vol. 202, no. 4, pp. 170-178 Oh, H, 2013, parative analysis of OECD member countries’ parative advantage in National Human Resource development system, Asia Pacific Education Review, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 189-208 PeopleKey, 2018, Time and Attendance, Viewed on March 14, 2018, https://www.peoplekey /time-attendance/ With a decade's experience in providing essay help, The management will explain the concern that the HR department and the payroll department is facing due to the manual way of attendance recording The employees will be paid overtime whenever they work for long hours If the employee wants to leave 2 hours early for personal work or due to no work in office then the manager can approve the same and no salary would be deducted for the same The employees will have to record attendance in the register for few days The attendance record would be updated by the HR department from the The IT department would be trained to address the technical glitches so that the dependency on PeopleKey technicians can be reduced to a great extent (Hiziroglu 2013).

Research proposal on how maternal incarceration affects children's Article

Research proposal on how maternal incarceration affects children's academic performance in the Bronx - Article Example The ordinary and average mom wakes up early in the morning to make breakfast for the schooling kids, prepare their things before the yellow bus arrives and send them off to safety. Owing to the dynamics of the strength of this bind, separating the child from the mommy will devastate, dislocate and disorient the life of the former while causing pain and unbearable sorrow to the latter. Incarceration is among the causes of the split. In the instant study and research proposal, the principal object of the undertaking is the case of schoolchildren from the Bronx of New York City whose mothers are behind bars. Several studies have indicated that the academic performance of those children is adversely affected by the separation. Special emphasis is had on African-American incarcerated mothers. Kids are deeply affected by the traumatic experience of their mothers being sent to jail. They feel left out or develop that frame of mind where they blame themselves for the unfortunate and sorry plight of the parent. The embarrassment and stigma brought about by the jailing of their mothers are significantly imprinted on the minds of these young people. Resultant of these circumstances, the subject children tend to have emotional and behavioral predicaments including poor showing in school. They are also vulnerable to becoming juvenile delinquents or drug addicts or both. They become figures themselves in the criminal justice system just like their parents who are mostly black or Latino. (Edelman, Marian Wright: Mothers Rocking the Prison Cradle. Politics. The Huffington Post. June 23, 2008. All Bronx News, All the Time! [internet]. Accessed on July 29, 2009. Available at: http://bronxnews.wordpress.com/2008/06/24/mothers-rocking-the-prison-cradle/) Disconnected from their mothers due to detention or imprisonment, the usual scenario for the abandoned children is that they are entrusted to the custody of a foster care of the government or of their kin. This situation results to these kids having difficulties in focusing to their studies in school. They find it hard to relate to their classmates and develop a sense of isolation. They also tend to have emotional shortcomings. (Nyary, Sasha. Foster Children With Mothers In Jail. March 2004. Children. Gotham Gazette. New York City News and Policy. [internet]. Accessed on July 29, 2009. Available at: http://www.gothamgazette.com/article/children/20040303/2/901) One child who had experienced getting removed from his family as a toddler when his mother was sent to jail would always be haunted by the dark past. Even when already living with a new family, he could not shrug off the sad memories indelibly marked in his recollections. He could not grow out of the ordeal. He would remember his mother reeling deeper into addiction and financial hardships. He would not forget her going to and fro jail times and rehabilitations processes. There was once instance when they had a brief reunion. It gave him the feeling of himself having a life of hell. It was as if he was likewise going to the same direction of